Volume transport of the Soya Warm Current revealed by bottom-mounted ADCP and ocean-radar measurement   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Yasushi Fukamachi  Iori Tanaka  Kay I. Ohshima  Naoto Ebuchi  Genta Mizuta  Hideo Yoshida  Shiro Takayanagi  Masaaki Wakatsuchi 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(3):385-392

The vertical structure of the Soya Warm Current (SWC) was observed by a bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) in the region of the SWC axis near the Soya Strait during a 1-year period from May 2004. The ADCP data revealed a marked seasonal variability in the vertical structure, with positive (negative) vertical shear in summer and fall (winter and spring). The volume transport of the SWC is estimated on the basis of both the vertical structure observed by the ADCP and horizontal structure observed by the ocean radars near the strait. The transport estimates have a minimum in winter and a maximum in fall, with the yearly-averaged values in the range of 0.94–1.04 Sv (1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s⁻¹). These lie within a reasonable range in comparison to those through other straits in the Japan Sea.  相似文献   

风浪对海-气界面动量通量估计的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵栋梁  李明明  马昕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,38(6)

利用实验室和有代表性的外海观测数据综合分析表明,海面粗糙度对波龄的依赖性与是否将实验室和外海数据一起考虑有关,而风应力拖曳系数与此无关,且随波龄增大而减小.利用Toba-3/2指数律和风浪成长关系的分析表明,风应力拖曳系数为常数或随波龄的增大而增大,与上述结果定性上相矛盾,说明风浪对风应力拖曳系数影响问题需要进一步研究.  相似文献   

Non-Stationary Rayleigh-Taylor Instabilities in Pulsar Wind Interaction with a Supernova Shell     

X. Ribeyre  L. Hallo  V. T. Tikhonchuk  S. Bouquet  J. Sanz 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,307(1-3):169-172

The Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) plays an important role in the dynamics of several astronomical objects, in particular, in the supernovae (SN) evolution. In the present paper we examine the dynamics of a shell (representing a type II SN remnant) blown-up by a wind emitted by a central pulsar. The shell is accelerated by the pulsar wind and its inner surface experiences the RTI. We develop an analytical approach by using a specific transformation into the coordinate frame co-moving with the SN ejecta. We first derive a non-stationary spherically symmetric solution describing an expansion of a gas shell under the pressure of a central source (pulsar). Then, we analyze its 3D stability with respect to a small perturbation on the inner shell surface. The dispersion relation is derived in the co-moving reference frame. The growth rate of the perturbation is found and its temporal evolution is discussed. We compare our result with the previous published studies and apply it to the Crab nebula evolution.  相似文献   

基于四种再分析资料的1988-2015年中国近海月均风速特征评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王国松  王喜冬  王慧  侯敏  李琰  范文静  刘玉龙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(1):83-90

This study investigates the long-term changes of monthly sea surface wind speeds over the China seas from 1988 to 2015. The 10-meter wind speeds products from four major global reanalysis datasets with high resolution are used: Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform data set(CCMP), NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis data set(CFSR),ERA-interim reanalysis data set(ERA-int) and Japanese 55-year reanalysis data set(JRA55). The monthly sea surface wind speeds of four major reanalysis data sets have been investigated through comparisons with the longterm and homogeneous observation wind speeds data recorded at ten stations. The results reveal that(1) the wind speeds bias of CCMP, CFSR, ERA-int and JRA55 are 0.91 m/s, 1.22 m/s, 0.62 m/s and 0.22 m/s, respectively.The wind speeds RMSE of CCMP, CFSR, ERA-int and JRA55 are 1.38 m/s, 1.59 m/s, 1.01 m/s and 0.96 m/s,respectively;(2) JRA55 and ERA-int provides a realistic representation of monthly wind speeds, while CCMP and CFSR tend to overestimate observed wind speeds. And all the four data sets tend to underestimate observed wind speeds in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea;(3) Comparing the annual wind speeds trends between observation and the four data sets at ten stations for 1988-1997, 1988–2007 and 1988–2015, the result show that ERA-int is superior to represent homogeneity monthly wind speeds over the China seaes.  相似文献   

小麦玉米田耕作模式的防风蚀效果   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨彩红  冯福学  柴强  耿艳香  伏星舟 《中国沙漠》2019,39(4):9-15

通过风洞实验，在5个风速下对6种耕作方式下农田土壤风蚀速率、0~20 cm风沙流结构进行了模拟研究。结果表明：保护性耕作土壤风蚀速率较传统耕作平均降低20%~40%；保护性耕作和传统耕作条件下土壤风蚀速率均随风速的增大呈幂函数递增，但在传统耕作条件下递增较快；风速14 m·s^-1是荒漠绿洲农田土壤风蚀加剧转折点，当风速>14 m·s^-1时保护性耕作下风蚀速率较传统耕作明显降低；0~20 cm内，传统耕作和保护性耕作下输沙率与高度分别呈线性和指数关系，保护性耕作下0~4 cm输沙量和输沙量百分比（Q_0~4/Q_0~20）均低于传统耕作。  相似文献   

荒漠草原区风力发电场建设前后的植被变化     

马松尧  陈龙  滕泽宇  丁爱军  何子豪 《中国沙漠》2019,39(2):186-192

调查了甘肃景泰荒漠草原区一处风电场基础设施建设和运行对植被的影响。结果表明：荒漠草原区百兆瓦级风力发电场建设造成直接植被生产力损失量为6.79 g·m^-2·a^-1，间接植被生产力损失量为91.43 g·m^-2·a^-1。随着扰动程度增加，物种丰富度降低，均匀度减小。在工程运行后，经历近10 a的自然恢复，核心扰动区虽然物种单一，但植被生产力是次级扰动区的两倍以上，为间接扰动区和未扰动区的50%和33%左右；而间接扰动区植被生产力仅为未扰动区的50%。总体上，风电工程扰动对区域植被的影响，不仅在于建设期对局地群落植被生产力的完全丧失，更重要的是在运行期间对周边大面积间接影响区群落植被生产力的大幅度降低，而且这种影响是长期和持续性的。  相似文献   

Theoretical expressions for soil particle detachment rate due to saltation bombardment in wind erosion   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XuYang Liu  WenXiao Ning  ZhenTing Wang 《寒旱区科学》2020,12(4):234-241

Saltation bombardment is a dominate dust emission mechanism in wind erosion. For loose surfaces, splash entrainment has been well understood theoretically. However, the mass loss predictions of cohesive soils are generally empirical in most wind erosion models. In this study, the soil particle detachment of a bare, smooth, dry, and uncrusted soil surface caused by saltation bombardment is modeled by means of classical mechanics. It is shown that detachment rate can be analytically expressed in terms of the kinetic energy or mass flux of saltating grains and several common mechanical parameters of soils, including Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, cohesion and friction angle. The novel expressions can describe dust emission rate from cohesive surfaces and are helpful to quantify the anti-erodibility of soil. It is proposed that the mechanical properties of soils should be appropriately included in physically-based wind erosion models.  相似文献   

中南半岛近海偶极子演变过程研究     

裘是  陈学恩  唐声全 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(6):1332-1343

中南半岛近海偶极子结构是指在夏季与越南离岸流伴生的一对中尺度涡现象，其中气旋涡位于离岸流北侧，反气旋涡位于离岸流南侧，偶极子结构对于中南半岛近海水文要素具有重要影响。本文基于卫星高度计数据和HYCOM海洋模式的模拟结果，以2012年为例研究了该偶极子的演变过程，结果表明：偶极子结构7月出现，9月初鼎盛，10月消失；鼎盛时，两个涡旋直径均大于300km，在温跃层引起的最大位温异常可达±5℃。垂向结构上，反气旋涡呈中心对称，而气旋涡有非对称性，且影响深度大于反气旋涡。在200m以下，气旋涡有随深度增加向东倾斜的趋势，而反气旋涡有随深度增加向西偏移的趋势，但该趋势在200m层以上并不显著。对偶极子涡旋区域进行能量分析，结果表明偶极子能量主要来自于越南离岸流提供的正压和斜压能量，即越南离岸流区域是偶极子结构的主要能量源，局地风场对偶极子结构的维持也具有重要作用。能量既可以由离岸流输送给涡旋，也可以从涡旋向离岸流转化，但总体上是离岸流向涡旋提供能量。  相似文献   

海上风机吸力基础的水平受荷研究综述     

李大勇  陈庆剑  张雨坤  陈福全 《海洋工程》2020,38(4):137-147

吸力基础具有施工速度快、安装过程中受海况天气影响小且易于回收重复利用等优点,被广泛应用于海洋工程。当吸力基础作为海上风电塔架的基础时,常常承受较大的水平荷载,因此其水平承载力是设计的主控因素。介绍了海上风机基础的设计要求,分析了影响基础水平承载性状的因素,总结了吸力基础受水平单调荷载、水平循环荷载和不同荷载组合三个方面的研究现状。讨论了水平荷载的大小、水平加载的高度(偏心率)、循环荷载的频率、循环荷载的次数、循环荷载的幅值、循环荷载的方向性、竖向荷载对吸力基础水平承载性状的影响,考虑了水平荷载的非共线性,指出了目前研究的不足,明确了吸力基础水平承载性状进一步研究的方向,提出了供工程实践参考的建议。  相似文献   

风电场风速规律分析及风电功率预报方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

王丹  高红燕  杨艳超  李博  张黎 《干旱区地理》2020,43(5):1261-1269

利用陕西省某一风电场区域内的观测资料，分析了该风电场的风速规律，并引入最优训练 期方案，研究利用线性回归方法建立风电功率预报模型的可行性。结果表明：该风电场区域，不同 高度的风速及其高度间的风速差异均表现出最大值出现在夜间，最小值出现在白天，从低层到高 层的风速日变化趋势一致的特征。一日中，风速与风电功率在 09:00 ~ 17:00 时段的相关系数明显 小于其它时段。按照风速是否大于 5 m·s^-1 将训练期观测样本分为 2 组，可以明显改善风速与风电 功率的回归关系。以风机轮毂高度处的风速作为预报因子，并引入风电功率与风速之间相关系数 的日变化规律、以及不同风速量级下风速与风电功率之间回归关系的差异性，采用最优训练期方 案和一元线性回归方法建立的风电功率预报方程，具有预报误差小和最优训练期短的特点，满足 实际业务需求。  相似文献